High Mountains in India and Types of Mountains

Mountains in India: India is a very beautiful and incredible country, having one of the highest mountain ranges in the world, the great Himalayas. The Nation has some of the major highest peaks in the world. From Kangchenjunga to Nanda Devi, the country is full of high and winding mountain ranges. These mountains are a major part of the country’s culture and heritage, some of which also serve as a source of water for the country’s rivers. Before moving forward to know the mountains in India, let’s be informed by the types of Mountains.

Types of Mountains

Mountain formation is a geological procedure that is related to the large-scale movement of the Earth’s crust. The procedure of mountain Formations consists of faulting, folding and volcanic activities. The formation of mountains leads to the formation of 5 types of mountains, volcanic mountains, Fold mountains, residual, fault-block mountains, and dome mountains.
There are mainly 5 types of mountains: Volcanoes, folds, plateaus, fault blocks, and domes. A more detailed classification useful locally predates plate tectonics and adds to these categories.

1. Volcanic Mountains

When tectonic plates move, volcanoes form and when volcanoes erupt, mountains are formed in return. A shield volcano has a gently sloping cone, mainly due to the low viscosity of basalt ejected material. Mauna Loa is a classic example with a slope of 4°-6°.

Most volcanic mountains take place in a band surrounding the Pacific Ocean. Collectively they are acknowledged as the Pacific Ring of Fire. The well-known volcanic mountains are stratovolcanoes or guard volcanoes. Examples of a stratovolcano are Vesuvius and Mount Fuji, whilst a protected volcano is Mauna Loa in Hawaii.

2. Fold Mountains

Fold mountains form where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together. When these collide, compressed boundaries, rocks, and particles are deformed and become rocky outcrops, hills, mountains, and complete mountain ranges.

3. Block Mountains

Block mountains are formed by the rise of fault blocks. The higher blocks are called horsts and the troughs are known as grabens. When the surface is stretched apart, it replaces the tensioning forces when these tension forces are separated; This causes the dropdown to the center block. An example of this is the Sierra Nevada range in the United States.

4. Relic Mountains

Relic mountains are shaped by using the erosion of a multiplied area. Alternatively, such formations are additionally recognized as mountains of denudation. The Scottish Highlands, the Scandinavian Mountains, and the terrain of the Balkan Peninsula are examples of residual mountains.

5. Dome Mountains

Dome mountains are formed when massive globes of magma drift up from the backside of the crust and push floor rocks upward, inflicting around swell in the crust. After the magma cools, it varieties a massive dome of tough rock under the surface, which occasionally manifests erosion.

List of High Mountains in India

• Kanchenjunga- 8,598m
• Nanda Devi- 7,816m
• Kamet- 7,756m
• Altoro Kangri / K10- 7,742m
• Saser Kangri I / K22- 7,672m

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